World Trade Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

World Trade Organization - Essay Example The entirety of that changed unexpectedly in 1994, while, repudiating prior desolate predicts, the 'Uruguay Round' of exchange arrangements under the GATT finished in reinforcing the global exchanging framework, yet in addition with a consent to build up the WTO. As the World Trade Organization (WTO) moves toward its appreciated objective of global WTO-Membership', the regions of contrast among individuals will in general extend. Additionally, it turns out to be incredibly difficult to settle the clashing monetary interests of the signatories. The inquiry emerge, does World Trade required the WTO This is the fundamental issue on which the issue of WTO change pivots. World exchange didn't require the WTO to engorge multiple times extra somewhere in the range of 1948 and 1997, from $124 billion to $10,772 billion (WTO, 1998, pg. 12). This development occurred under the stretchy GATT exchanging framework. The WTO's birthplace in 1995 didn't act in light of a breakdown or emergency of world exchange, for example, happened the 1930's. It was not basic for universal harmony, since no world encompassing war or exchange related war had occurred during that stage. In the nine significant between state wars that occurred in that period-the Korean War o f 1950-53, the Vietnam War of 1945-75, the Suez Crisis of 1956, the 1967 Arab-Israeli War, the 1973 Arab-Israeli War, the 1982 Falklands War, the Gulf War of 1990, Afghanistan war, lastly the Iraq ear-exchange struggle didn't figure even indirectly as a reason. GATT was, really, working reasonably well as a help for reinforcing world exchanging framework. Its appropriate question goals framework was flexible and with its energy about the extraordinary and differential status of yet to be created countries, it offered the space in a universal economy for Third World countries to utilize exchanging methodology for development and industrialization. For what reason was then WTO discovered after the 'Uruguay Round' of 1986-94 Of the primary exchanging countries, Japan was in two personalities, terrified as it was to shield its horticulture and its meticulous arrangement of industrialized creation that, through approved and unapproved implies, gave its neighborhood producers chief rights to utilize the residential commercial center. The European Union, well in transit of turning into an autonomous exchanging network, was comparatively reluctant, realizing that it's very supported framework in agribusiness would come ambushed. In spite of the fact that requesting more prominent induction to their made and agrarian items in the Northern economies, the rising countries didn't see this as being accomplished through a wide understanding forced by a controlling exchanging arrangement of government however through secluded dealings and agreements in the model of the Coordinated Program for Commodities (IPCs) and Product Stabilization Fun d had a similar feeling in the aegis of UNCTAD recently seventies. The start of the WTO served fundamentally the enthusiasm of the America. Similarly as it was the U.S. which halted the start of the International Trade Organization (ITO) in 1948, when it accepted this wouldn't present its situation of overwhelming monetary control in the post-war world, so it was the U.S. that turned into the main 'customer' for the across the board Uruguay Round and the beginning of the WTO, when it detected that progressively forceful worldwide conditions had delivered a condition where its business advantages currently required a conflicting stand. Similarly as it was the U.S's. terrorizing in the fifties to leave GATT on the off chance that it wasn't allowed to maintain securing implies for milk

Case Study the Kader Toy Factory Fire

Contextual investigation the Kader Toy Factory Fire Gathering MEMBERS : SHAIKH MOHD AIMAN BIN SEFF AHMAD MUHAMMAD SUHAIL BIN MOHD ISA MUHAMMAD ABDUL FATAH BIN ABDULLAH MOHAMAD ZHAFRI BIN ZAILAINI MUHAMMAD ARIF BIN MUSA Contextual investigation the Kader toy processing plant fire Kader toy industrial facility which situated close to Bangkok, Thailand was a fire on 10 May 1993. It very well may be viewed as the most noticeably terrible ever industrial facility fire ever. There were 188 specialists kicked the bucket and 469 other people who were harmed. The majority of them were youthful female specialists and from provincial zone. The manufacturing plant was possessed by a Thai transnational enterprise, Charoen Pokphand (CP) Group and one of Asia’s biggest agribusiness firms. The Kader toy processing plant used to fabricate stuffed toys and plastics dolls primarily got ready for fare to the United States and different districts. There were delivered forDisney,Matteland others. The site that possessed and worked by Kader has been wrecked in the burst of fire. Kader has another two sister organizations that on an agreement that worked at that area. Section A There were a few factors that lead to this fire. Right off the bat, the manufacturing plant was planned and assembled inadequately. Fire exits attracted the guide or building plans were not exists; in truth not built, and the current leave entryways were bolted. Besides, the structure was reinforced with un-protected steel braces which quickly reduced and disintegrated when warmed by the blazes. The glitches of alarms were different variables that lead to the fire. There were four structures on the Kader site, three of which were decimated by the fire. The three structures were planned a solitary E-molded structure (see figure 1). Close within reach were a one-story workshop and another four-story structure highlighted as Building Four. Three structures which engaged with these occurrence Fire cautions in Buildings Two and Three had sounded and all the laborers from these structures had the option to get away. Sadly, for Building One, the alarm didn't sound. This piece of the structure was entirely dedicated to the capacity of completed items and the fire spread rapidly. Different industrial facilities were brimming with crude materials which additionally consumed exceptionally fast. The fire spread incredibly immediately when the Firefighters showed up at the processing plant, and discovered Building One about prepared to crumple in view of the event of the ignitable plasti cs and textures. Next, albeit each working at the plant was given an alarm framework, none of the structures had programmed sprinklers. The compact quenchers and hose stations were introduced on outside dividers and in the flights of stairs of each building yet none of the basic steel in the structure were fireproofed.In expansion, Kader plant didn't give its laborers average fire wellbeing preparing and the inflexible security methods. Fire penetrates and fire wellbeing preparing were likewise negligible. Figure 1.Site arrangement of the Kader toy production line In Thailand, the Kader fire occurrence made a lot for the country’s fire security measures, particularly its construction standard structure prerequisites and authorization arrangements. Thai Prime Minister, Minister Chuan Leekpai has caused an extreme activity for the individuals who to abuse the security laws with respect to the fire wellbeing issues. As indicated by theWall Street Journal(1993), Thai Industry Minister Sanan Kachornprasart is cited that expression that â€Å"Those industrial facilities without fire anticipation frameworks will be requested to introduce one, or we will close them down†. The pioneers, wellbeing master and authorities said that this episode would help attach construction laws and security guidelines yet lamentably, that enduring advancement is still far away as managers sneer rules and governments license financial development to take need over specialist wellbeing. The fire has additionally pulled in worldwide discussion about remote investors’ commitment for guaranteeing the security of the laborers in their supporting nation in light of the fact that outside premiums possessed greater part of the portions of Kader Industrial (Thailand) Co. Ltd. 79.96% of the Kader investors are from Hong Kong, 20% are from Taiwan, and just 0.04% of Kader is possessed by Thai nationals. An awful mechanical fire in Thailand the Kader Toy Factory fire was a fire on 10 May 1993 situated in the NakhonPathom Province of Thailand. It very well may be viewed as the most engaged overall mechanical plant fire in history where authoritatively 188 laborers were slaughtered, and more than 500 were truly harmed, numerous genuinely and furthermore for all time. To abstain from being scorched to death, they had to jump from second, third and fourth floors of the structures. A large portion of the casualties were youthful female laborers from country families. In addition, this debacle was expected as most exceedingly awful unplanned that identified with the death toll fire in industry in history of Thailand. Also, huge numbers of the articles was pointed because of the fundamental the world changes industrialist economy that causes such a catastrophe mishap ever. As we as a whole know, the past most exceedingly terrible mechanical fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist manufacturing plant in New York in 1911. In spite of the years between these two debacles, they share striking likenesses. So as to take the benefits of most current zone of minimal effort work, the organization, for example, Kader Holding needs or ought to supplant their activity consistently. As the outcome the Kader industrial facility outside Bangkok was never proposed to be a perpetual structure only a brief structure just as an occurrence the modest poor structures, which distinguished neglected to accomplish even the negligible Thai development prerequisites, were basically pressed to flooding with laborers and with their machines. Imperativeness security precautionary measures were esteemed a bit much overheads. After 10 years, the condition that Thailand’s laborers and other Asian nations have essentially most exceedingly awful. Moving into a worldwide economy hint that items are produced at explicit area and utilized at different areas start to finish the world.Having an allurement for intensity in this new market ought not go to settle by concession in crucial modern fire wellbeing arrangements. There is an ethical obligation to give laborers an adequate degree of fire security, regardless of where they are found. PART C Three proposition can improve production line security: 1) the administration need to make a free word related wellbeing and wellbeing (OSH) bunch with administrative forces in light of the fact that the legislature can't create enough cash to permit government workers to uphold OSH laws, it is dubious that an autonomous gathering could fund itself, since it would need to be huge, and therefore cost a fortune, to assess all the production lines concerned. Besides in 2000 multiple thirds of Thailand’s industrial facilities utilized under 10 specialists, who are not lawfully ensured by the Workmen’s Compensation Fund. It is far-fetched that OSH norms in these manufacturing plants could be policed by an outside gathering. 2) Increase worker's organization inclusion in instruction and interest lamentably it is far-fetched that battles by existing worker's guilds could viably improve OSH mishap or episode rates, since just three percent of laborers in Thailand are sorted out into associations †the pervasiveness of production lines with under 10 specialists as effectively noted, is an enormous impediment to genuine improvement in the pace of laborer association. 3) the organization should Reform the OSH laws, the proposition to change OSH laws overlooks what's really important. In both the Triangle Shirtwaist manufacturing plant fiasco and in the Kader fire, losses of life were so high on the grounds that the structures were illicitly fabricated or wrongfully worked or both. Had the laws been followed in 1911 New York and 1993 Bangkok, the fires would not have broken out in any case, and on account of Kader, the structure would not have fell before the laborers had gotten away. These thoughts are important parts of an OSH framework, however the main viable arrangement is for organizations and governments to handle OSH by letting laborers control their own wellbeing. Rather than subduing free law based worker's organizations, they should rather dishearten the little organizations that are frequently sweat shops, and on the other hand advocate laborer cooperation in vote based worker's guilds that speak to all specialists, and permit laborers to investigate and deal working conditions with businesses. PART D References

What to Do Before Writing a Conclusion For Essays

What to Do Before Writing a Conclusion For EssaysWriting conclusions for essays can be a tedious task but it has to be done. There are some elements that you should consider before you start this step. Just like the start of every other step, the conclusion should be very specific and should outline the reasoning behind your argument.The conclusion for essays is not necessarily easy. It needs to be well written and should cover all points of view in detail. Your essay must be well written before you proceed with the conclusion. In fact, there is nothing that will come between your conclusion and the final product of your essay. You will be writing it in the form of a conclusion for essays and there is no other place to turn.The work will be lengthy, and it will also require you to revise the work several times until you reach a satisfactory conclusion. Reorganizing your ideas into a well-structured conclusion for essays is one of the toughest parts. In fact, it is a matter of discipl ine that many students find difficult to get used to. It does not help that they often rush through the process of writing a conclusion for essays. But the time spent is worth it when you consider that you have an excellent essay on your hands.Writing conclusions for essays will take a lot of focus and time. As the title of the post indicates, you must spend a great deal of time on this. For a great outcome, you should know what you want to say before you write the conclusion. Determine what are the essence of your essay and how it relates to the conclusion. After this is done, you need to make sure that your essay can stand on its own.For this, you must give importance to the topic at hand, make it clear and then make use of specifics. This is the most important part of writing a conclusion for essays. Don't be misled by the appearance of your essay and make sure that it can stand on its own.Lastly, ensure that your writing is convincing. This means that your conclusion is convinci ng because you have presented the information in a convincing manner. Don't try to impress readers by introducing details about your argument that are irrelevant to the subject at hand. Remember that you are writing a conclusion for essays and not a dissertation.Therefore, when you are writing a conclusion for essays, make sure that you present your argument in a convincing manner. This may require you to elaborate on things that have been left out in the essay. However, by ensuring that your conclusion is as precise as possible, you can ensure that your readers will find it convincing.Conclusion for essays is not an easy task to accomplish. However, with practice, it is not difficult to write one that is worthy of the essay. Just remember that you have a right to present your opinion and that you have the right to a good conclusion for essays.

Genocide The Worst Humanitarian Disaster Essay - 2655 Words

Genocide: The Worst Humanitarian Disaster I am not a refugee. I am a white, middle-class, female American. I am a student at a public high school in the suburbs. My country is not being torn apart by genocide. My parents haven’t been killed. My government does not rape me. My family does not live in a tent in the middle of the desert. My community does not get by on a $1.00 per week for food, but my desires and passions connect to those who do. There are hundreds of us spread out on the lawn of the Washington Monument. There is plenty of room, but we all crowd together, helping and encouraging each other. We are kneeling on the grass, creativity pouring out of us and into our posters- the sounds of markers constantly being capped and†¦show more content†¦People on the street stopped, stared, took pictures, honked, and chanted along with us. Employees came running out of their stores and came to the windows to see what all the pandemonium was. So as we are marching down Pennsylvania Ave, past the white house, with our police-on-horseback escorts, we make sure we are heard. We all storm down different streets, with our stomping and chanting rising above the all-important buildings of the nation’s capitol.One! Two! Three! Four! End the genocide in Darfur! Five! Six! Seven! Eight! Any longer, it’s too late! Barack! Obama! We will work to help you! Barack! Obama! They need change in Sudan too!† I am a voice for the victims of Darfur, I am a voice for the innocent, silenced victims being killed and tortured every day by genocide and the ones who have been forced to face it in the past. As genocide unfolds in the 21st century at this very moment; it is crucial to understand the underlying causes in history’s past genocides as their daunting memories linger on and gain global attention to ultimately end this horrific humanitarian disaster today. The terrible act of genocide has been happening for centuries now, killing millions of innocent civilians while the world watches and refuses to say its name. A United Nations Special Reporter on the subject stated, Genocide is the ultimate crime and the gravest violation of human rights it is possible to commit. (Janikowski) Genocide is a unique crime that is not directedShow MoreRelatedThe Legal Foundation For Humanitarian Intervention Essay1219 Words   |  5 PagesThe legal foundation for humanitarian intervention was established in the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Convention on the Prevention of Genocide and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Lecture 11/15/16). Genocide, as decided by the, Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide: genocide, whether committed in time of peace or in time of war, is a crime under international law which they (contracted members) undertake to prevent and to punishRead More Humanitarian I ntervention Essay992 Words   |  4 PagesHumanitarian Intervention Hypothesis: That despite the incidents where humanitarian interventions have proved seemingly unsuccessful, they are, nonetheless, a vital tool in alleviating the human suffering that so plagues contemporary society. The post-Cold war world is one that has been riddled with conflict, suffering and war. In the face of such times, the issue of humanitarian intervention and about who, when and how it should be employed, has become hotly debated. While some critics declareRead More The Horror of Genocide Essay997 Words   |  4 Pagesbut definitely possible. 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Between April of 1994 and July of 1994 some 800,000 Tutsi and moderate Hutus were systematically killed as Rwanda fell into politicalRead MoreKazakhstan Is One Of The Largest States Economy And A Stable Political Situation1227 Words   |  5 Pagesinflicted severe damages to cultural memory. The first a half of the XX century was marked for Kazakhstan by the difficult, erratic events which lead to almost irreversible consequences for the Kazakh’s cultural identity: collectivisation, Famine-Geno cide, mass political repressions. Destruction of ethnic consciousness at the most different levels resulted in loss of national nomadic space, deaths of thousands of Kazakhs – bearers of traditions and calculated destruction of intellectual elite by governmentRead MoreEssay On Global Aid1610 Words   |  7 Pagesmilitary personnel. However our greatest victory for us Canadians was the capture of Vimy Ridge on April 9th 1917 which had unnervingly withstood all attacks for the precedented two years. These were Canadian morals that weren’t neglected when faced the worst. Instead we toughened and held on the hope that our insufferable circumstances would all soon be for the greater good in the rebirth of our new world. Values that we practise and honor today: international integrity, freedom of life, liberty and securityRead MoreGenocide : The Worst Crimes Against Humanity And It Still Continues Today2115 Words   |  9 PagesApril 2016 Genocide: Genocide is one of the worst crimes against humanity and it still continues today. The definition of the word genocide is the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation. Compared with war crimes and crimes against humanity, genocide is generally regarded as the most offensive crime. Unlike war, where the attack is general and the object is often the control of a geographical or political region. 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Currently, NGOs play a crucial role in providing mechanisms which enhance global human progress. To understand the work of NGOs one must know the history of humanitarian aid and developmental assistance. History of Humanitarian Aid andRead MoreThe Congo Free State Essay1984 Words   |  8 PagesOver the course of human history, many believe that the â€Å"Congo Free State†, which lasted from the 1880s to the early 1900s, was one of the worst colonial states in the age of Imperialism and was one of the worst humanitarian disasters over time. Brutal methods of collecting rubber, which led to the deaths of countless Africans along with Europeans, as well as a lack of concern from the Belgian government aside from the King, combined to create the most potent example of the evils of colonialism in

The Masses And The Dystopian Novel Elysium Essay

The connection between these texts is they all feature compliancy of the masses, and all feature in some form of dystopian worlds. The texts all feature varying forms of dystopia, Bioshock features a dystopia brought on by evolutionary war, whereas brave new world features a world where the state has unlimited control over the technology and the people that rely on it. Paragraph 1 In Elysium, the film has an imaginary space station called â€Å"Elysium† this station hold only the most elite people, everybody else lives in a worldwide slum down on earth. The people on earth all just try to survive those who have jobs are forced to preform back braking labour for a minuscule pay, most just accept this fact and occupy themselves with trying to survive. This is the compliancy of the masses and the dystopian element in â€Å"Elysium† the fact that all these people lie down and let the elitists walk all over them is depressing. The author seems to be suggesting that humans will always treat each other poorly and that as people get more power they are more willing to risk human life for their own benefit. And the author is also showing how if we allow the masses to become complacent with poor living conditions society will fall into dystopia. Mr Blomkamp made these ideas apparent by the use of grimy conditions in the film, he also showed the risk people are put in by having a man fully exposed to lethal amounts of radiation and his co-workers being forced to continue production without

Japan, South Korean, And America Management Practices

Japan, China, South Korean, and America Management Practices Every country has different management practices. They all have unique approaches that have been found to be the most adequate or efficient way in accomplishing specific objectives. We have heard the English terms culture, management terms, and business culture, which are commonly used business terms in America. Nonetheless, we don’t have much knowledge about international business terms. International business terms such as â€Å"wa†, â€Å"quanxi†, and â€Å" inhwa†, which are essential management terms in Japan, China, and South Korea. In this paper I will be analyzing my findings on the words culture, management terms, business culture, â€Å"wa†, â€Å"quanxi†, â€Å"inhwa†, what would be similar terms to describe American management practices, and if these terms sufficiently capture American management practices. Culture is a very broad word with multiple definitions. It can be defined as the knowledge, experience, beliefs, attitude and values passed from one generation to another. Culture can also be interpreted as a certain way of thinking and behavior that prevail in a place or organization. On the other hand, management is the act of controlling and most importantly making business decisions. Whereas term, is an expression used to indicate a concept in a specific kind of language or branch of study. If we combine the two words, management and terms, from the definition provided, the term refers to certain terminology used in theShow MoreRelatedHuman Management Practices At Japan, China, And South Korea1218 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent management practices. They all have unique approaches that have been found to be the most adequate or efficient way in accomplishing specific objectives. We have heard the English terms culture, management terms, and business culture, which are commonly u sed business terms in America. Nonetheless, we don’t have much knowledge about international business terms. International business terms such as â€Å"wa†, â€Å"quanxi†, and â€Å" inhwa†, which are essential management terms in Japan, China, and South KoreaRead MoreUnderstanding The Words Culture, Management Terms, And Business Culture1192 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent management practices. They all have unique approaches that have been found to be the most adequate or efficient way in accomplishing specific objectives. At some point we have heard the English terms culture, management terms, and business culture, yet we don’t have much knowledge about these terms definitions. On the other hand, some of us are not familiar with terms such as â€Å"wa†, â€Å"quanxi†, and â€Å" inhwa†, Which these terms are essential management terms in Japan, China, and South Korea. InRead MoreTerm Paper-Lowes Bd 10-Year3567 Words   |  15 Pagesideal situation of opening up stores before their competitors. Based on research I conducted, this assessment considers the potential of expanding Lowe’s into the Korean market. With any major investment, it is important to consider the monetary and non-monetary aspects including gaining an understanding of the culture, the ideal management approach, past and future trends, along with political roadblocks. In this paper, the following information provides a roadmap to the decision-making processRead MoreThe Meaning Of Culture. â€Å"The Set Of Norms, Behaviors, Beliefs1488 Words   |  6 PagesThe meaning of culture â€Å"The set of norms, behaviors, beliefs and customs that exist within the population of a sovereign nation. International companies develop management and other practices in accordance with the national culture they are operating in† (BusinessDictionary.com, 2017) The essentials of a specific culture places emphasis on what is socially acceptable to that specific demographic with regard to its heritage and can be best summed as the complexities of the whole society. Five majorRead MoreSocio-Cultural Analysis Of North Korea. 13F Alc Class 003-17.1565 Words   |  7 Pagestheir impact on the society 6 Weather analysis 7 Civil considerations 7 â€Æ' The meaning of culture â€Å"The set of norms, behaviors, beliefs and customs that exist within the population of a sovereign nation. International companies develop management and other practices in accordance with the national culture they are operating in† (BusinessDictionary.com, 2017) The essentials of a specific culture places emphasis on what is socially acceptable to that specific demographic with regard to its heritageRead MoreInternational Tourism s Effect On Medical Tourism1649 Words   |  7 Pagesof what is Hallyu and which medical tourism I am referring too. Hallyu is defined as the growing popularity of Korean-based products that include drama, film, and pop music (Kim). It is also used to describe the fast spreading popularity of Korean culture like food, clothing, and housing. Recently, Hallyu or Korean Wave has not just swept over Asia, but also Middle East, Africa, and America. Out of all sector, medical tourism is one of the biggest areas that received big impacts from Hallyu. MedicalRead MoreHyundai Case Study8390 Words   |  34 PagesAsia Paciï ¬ c Business Review Vol. 12, No. 2, 131–147, April 2006 Globalization and Employment Relations in the Korean Auto Industry: The Case of the Hyundai Motor Company in Korea, Canada and India RUSSELL D. LANSBURY*, SEUNG-HO KWON** CHUNGSOK SUH†  *University of Sydney, **School of International Business, University of New South Wales, †  University of New South Wales ABSTRACT Examination is made of the complex interactions between globalization and employment relations as reï ¬â€šectedRead MoreWa, Guanxi and Inhwa: Managerial Principles of Japan, China and Korea4587 Words   |  19 PagesWa, Guanxi, and Inhwa: Managerial Principle in Japan, China, and Korea I. Introduction: MANAGERIAL is an act of management in all business and organization to get the desired goals and objectives by inserting PRINCIPLES depends on the philosophies, behavior and culture of an organization. According to Jon P. Alston article, each society has its separate, distinctive philosophy which leads to specific behavior appropriate to the setting and having knowledge of their principles is not only helpfulRead MoreSouth Korea4993 Words   |  20 PagesCountry report South Korea – Electronic Yu Ming Lin Country Profile In February 1945 the end of World War II, Korean Peninsula divided into North and South Korea. South Korea also name Republic of Korea, 99,392 sq. km, has a population of almost 50 million, and has its capital at Seoul, the largest city in Korea. The second largest city is Busan, which is the country’s main port, has wonderful nature harbor beside the delta of Nakdong River. The major industrial prior 1948 was agriculture inRead MoreWal-Mart International Failure1896 Words   |  8 PagesWal-Mart in a strip mall in this western German city. Multimedia {draw:a} Related Retail Chains Scramble to Enter Indian Market (August 2, 2006) ) {draw:a} Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images In South Korea, Wal-Mart had only 16 stores — a small presence that contributed to its decision in May to sell out to a Korean discount chain. {text:bookmark-start} {text:bookmark-end} â€Å"Why are they giving up now?† he asked. â€Å"They have good prices and a good variety of products.† Yet Mr. Kà ¶gel, 54, confessed that

Literary Analysis Essay

Question: Discuss about theLiterary Analysis Essay. Answer: Introduction Rudyard Kipling, through his timeless classics, introduced the concept of writing to the children. In the piece, we are going to consider two stories (How the letter was written and How the alphabet wad made) under the British author Kiplings Just so stories. The two stories, penned down by Rudyard Kipling, render a lucid tone. The stories composed by Kipling are credible. At the same time, the stories give us a comprehensive overview about the inception of writing. Both the pieces centred on the sojourn of the Neolithic man and reflected on their understanding of the English alphabet. Through these two stories, Rudyard Kipling imparted a great deal of knowledge on English alphabet to the children (Shires). In the first segment, the story How the letter was written that falls under the category of Kiplings Just so stories, deals with a Neolithic cave people and their comprehension of the English alphabet. Modelled on the totem tales, Rudyard Kipling showed in the story that the Neolithic people used various signs, symbols and perishable materials to convey their messages. In the story, Kipling showed that a Neolithic man took his young girl for fishing. While fishing, the young girl pondered on a serious question related to the lack of writing efficiency. During that time, they encountered a stranger from another tribe, who was not aware of Tegumais language (Kipling). The stranger gave a big flat piece of bark to the girl and made her understand that he was an innocuous soul. On the other hand, the girl thought that the stranger was asking for her mothers address. The girl asked him to lend his shark tooth and scribbled on it, which the stranger misconstrued as something magical. The author Rudyard Kipling wrote, Oh! said she. Now I see! You want my Mummys living address? Of course, I cant write, but I can draw pictures if Ive anything sharp to scratch with. Please lend me the sharks tooth off your necklace (Page 31). The particular extract explained how people used convey their messages to others. At the same time, they countenanced varied problems related to writing and language. There was no homogenous language policy during that time. People from one tribe did not understand the language of another tribe (Murphy). The people of the Stone Age faced this mishap. In another, the story, How the alphabet was made falls under the rubric of Kiplings Just so stories. In the particular piece, How the alphabet was made, the range of alphabet started with a fish, a fragment of bark and swamps of mud. The story revolves around the little Neolithic cave girl who used various materials to write and give lovely surprise to her father. The piece entails how the Neolithic men started to understand language and use it on a daily basis. Drawing on the concept of Mythological diversity of language, the writer aims to fuse the two contexts. Mythology does not explain the inception of language. However, it elucidates one point very clearly (Barbour). Mythology shows the necessity of complicating the language patterns. The paradigm of language complexity is phenomenal, as /Xam has its fair share. For example, at least 24 verbal particles that comes before the verb signifies the mood and tense. At the same time, some six verbal suffixes manifest recurrent themes and actuation of English grammar (Evans). Reference Barbour, Ian G.Myths, models and paradigms. Harper Collins, 2013. https://www.harpercollins.com/9780062276421/myths-models-and-paradigms Evans, Vyvyan.The language myth: Why language is not an instinct. Cambridge University Press, 2014. Kipling, Rudyard.Just so stories. Random House, 2013. Murphy, Ruth. "Kipling s Just So Stories: The Recapitulative Child and Evolutionary Progress."The Child Savage, 18902010: From Comics to Games(2016). Shires, Linda M. "Mutual Adaptation in Rudyard Kipling's Letters to His Children and Just So Stories."Children's Literature43.1 (2015): 182-207.

Berenguela of Castile

Berenguela of Castile About Berenguela of Castile Known for: role in the succession of Castile and Leon; regent of Castile for her brother Enrique I Occupation: briefly, queen of LeonDates: January/June 1, 1180 - November 8, 1246Also known as: Berengaria of Castile More About Berenguela of Castile Berenguela was born to King Alfonso VIII of Castile and Eleanor Plantagenet, Queen of Castile. An arranged marriage to Conrad II of Swabia did not happen; he was murdered in 1196 before the marriage was held. Berenguelas Marriage In 1197, Berenguela was married instead to Alfonso IX of Leon, her dowry including lands were settlement of a conflict between Leon and Castile. In 1198, the Pope excommunicated the couple on grounds of consanguinity. The couple had five children before they dissolved the marriage in 1204 to remove their excommunication. Berenguela moved back to her fathers Castilian court, with her children. Berenguela and Castile When her father, Alfonso VIII, died in 1214, her mother Eleanors grief was so great that Berenguela had to handle the burial of Alfonso. Eleanor died less than a month after her husband did. Berenguela then became regent for her young brother, Enrique (Henry) I. Enrique died in 1217, killed by a falling roof tile. Berenguela, the eldest daughter of Alfonso VIII, renounced her own claim to the throne in favor of her son, Ferdinand III, later to be canonized as Saint Ferdinand. Berenguela and Alfonso IX - Battles Over Succession Berenguelas former husband, Alfonso IX, believed he had the right to rule Castile, and he attacked Berenguela and Ferdinand who won the battle. Berenguela and Alfonso IX also fought over who would succeed Alfonso in Leon. He wanted his daughters by his first wife to be preferred in the succession. Alfonso tried to marry one of these elder daughters to John of Brienne, a French nobleman and crusader who had been named King of Jerusalem. But John selected instead Berenguela of Leon, a daughter of Alfonso by his second wife Berenguela of Castile. Some of their descendents became Englands House of Lancaster. Unification Under Ferdinand When Alfonso IX of Leon died in 1230, Ferdinand and his mother Berenguela negotiated a settlement with Ferdinands half-sisters, and he brought Leon and Castile together. Berenguela of Castile remained an active advisor of her son, Ferdinand III. Background, Family: Mother: Eleanor, Queen of Castile, a daughter of Henry II of England and Eleanor of AquitaineFather: Alfonso VIII of CastileSiblings included: Urraca of Castile, Queen of Portugal; Blanche of Castile, Queen of France; Mafalda; Constanza; Eleanor of Castile; Enrique (Henry) I of Castile Marriage, Children: Husband: King Alfonso IX of Leon (married 1197-1204)Children:EleanorFerdinand IIIAlfonsoBerengariaConstance

Globalization Coca Cola Essay Example

Globalization Coca Cola Essay Example Globalization Coca Cola Essay Globalization Coca Cola Essay Globalization describes the proliferate synthesis of the world’s economic, political, technological and socio-cultural systems through the liberalization of international trade and investment or the reduction of barriers to international trade such as tariffs, import quotas and other related import and export restrictions. Globalization has allowed a greater establishment of goods, services, wealth and society development throughout the world, however, its implications such as the unequal distributions of income and employment opportunities due to outsourcing methods to derive relative unit labour costs and the constant company and government power struggles is becoming an increasing cause for concern. Nevertheless, companies continue to expand and develop and take advantage of globalization, which is considered to be an historic trend and an inevitable evolution process. The Coca Cola Company is a prominent, American Multinational beverage company that constitutes its own product manufacturing, distributing and marketing efforts in over 200 countries worldwide. The company that is best known for its bellwether beverage, Coca Cola, was established as The Coca Cola Company in 1889 by Asa Candler and has presently, collaborated with approximately 300 bottling partners throughout the world. It offers 500 brands of products including of diet beverages, sports drinks, teas coffees and juices. : Coca Cola is considered to be one of the biggest brands in the world and the company, one of the world’s first global companies. The influence and impact of globalization on The Coca Cola Company was crucial for the company’s success as statistics prove that presently, 70 percent of the company’s income is propagated through non local operating territories. As a consequence of globalization, the Coca Company has capitalized on many opportunities and experienced many backlashes. When the Coca Cola syrup was created by pharmacist, John Pemberton in 1886, citizens of the United States were delighted and enthusiastic by the new product that was distributed from a cola fountain. As the demand for the product grew John sold the exclusive rights for the product to salesman, Asa Griggs Candler, who began developing the product as a brand. Asa Candler began to introduce Coca Cola throughout the United States by developing marketing strategies such as offering coupons and merchandise with the Coca Cola logo. This strategy soon made coca cola to be available and consumed in every state of the United States. Subsequently, because of the exceedingly increasing demand for the beverage new measures had to be established to distribute the product to reach all their customers. In the year 1894 coca cola was put into bottles that allowed the product portability. Large scale bottle manufacturing activities was then initiated after statistics had proven that the bottled coca cola sales surpassed the fountain sales. The new bottling innovation along with continuous marketing strategies took the company to the global stage and the coca cola beverage was now bottled in Cuba, Panama and Canada. The exclusive right to sell the product was then sold to lawyers, Benjamin F. Thomas and Joseph B. Whitehead whom had to please their exceedingly expanding consumer base as the company was now an international company. Globalization of Coca Cola’s operations allowed the organization to serve a greater variety of consumers that contributed to a great increase in demand however it also affected the company negatively as it also spurred competition. Joseph and Benjamin began implementing and delegating new methods to safeguard their product such as advertising to consumers to demand the authentic coca cola and to refuse substitutes. They also gave the coca cola beverage a new feature, they distributed the beverage in a contour glass bottle that can be recognized anywhere by consumers and this advancement brought new life to the company. The new design allowed the company to further expand globally. The company was also able to utilize outsourcing methods to achieve cheaper labour and machinery costs to enhance the company’s profitability. The company then began distributing its flagship product to Puerto Rico, France and other foreign countries. By the year 1900-1920 the Coca Cola Company had established about 1000 plants worldwide from only 2 plants initially. One can observe how the competitive forces and increasing demand, as a result of globalization, basically forced the company to become more innovative and creative subsequently resulting in better and reinforced marketing strategies as well as an new and more appealing and distinctive image for the product that positively impacted the profitability of the company. However if the company did not respond to the new pressures of the global environment they may have experienced a lesser demand for their product and lose competitive advantage due to the fact that fellow competitors would be given an opportunity to move in on their market share. This would have severely impacted the success of the companies in a negative way as the company would be losing customers thereby losing revenue and profits. So it can be said that a global business environment requires a company that must be able to survive susceptible changes. These susceptible changes are triggered because of the continuous change in consumer needs and wants that is mainly generated by advance the continuous progression of globalization. To survive these susceptible changes companies must consistently derive new innovations and new ideas to keep up with their constantly changing consumer needs. As the world began interconnecting more globally because of technological, political, educational and corporate advancement mainly because of social and cultural preferences beginning to become more similar, new doors began to open for the corporate world to strategize their global operations and recognition. In 1923 Robert Woodruff who was then the president of the company utilized the Olympic Games as an international foundation for the company. The company sponsored the United States team which allowed coca cola to further be recognized on highly publicized international stage. During this event, Robert Woodruff began to introduce new inventions, these inventions were the six pack carrier case, a vending machine and new fountain dispensers with a bell shaped glasses. The games assisted to spur new innovations within the global environment on a more recognized stage thereby further impacting the success and growth of the company. Again as globalization progressed changes in innovations were needed inorder to secure and expand market share, reinforce competitive advantage and please the changing demands of international consumers. Becoming an international company means that one would be serving an international market therefore consumers will have different preferences and with coca cola continuing to derive new methods to distribute their product in different ways consumers will now have a variety of ways to enjoy the product, subsequently this would allow more options for consumer to be pleased therefore attracting more customers and expanding market share. The Coca Cola Company continued to reinvent its marketing strategies to grasp international attention and appeal. They added a new shorter trademark name entitled ‘coke’ to the beverage. This new ‘name’ was responded to with mix reviews as some international bodies slammed the name because it was the same shortened name used for the illicit substance cocaine. Being a growing international success, the changes conducted by company would be more highlighted in the global spotlight due to organizations watchdogs and similar corporations, therefore a greater reaction would be accompanied by the change. In this case the reaction was a controversial one that can negatively affect the image of the company . Consumers were now hesitant to use the new ‘name’ nevertheless, coca cola responded to this matter by creating a young character entitled the ‘Sprite boy’ to promote the new trademark for the product, and even though the criticism pursued statistics have proven that the word ‘coke’ presently is one of the most popular words utilized in the English vocabulary today, so obviously the marketing tactics devised and implemented by the company was victorious. By devising this strategy consumers felt more comfortable with the change and therefore acknowledged the new innovation at ease. As the international success of the company expanded, Woodruff continued to use the arising global opportunities to his advantage. World War 2 had now commenced and Woodruff made the beverage available to all service people in uniform at a cheaper price this allowed the beverage to be purchased in massive amounts during the war which then allowed the company to the opportunity to create 64 additional bottling plants inorder to provide for United States military and service personnel in international countries. This laid the most important international foundation that increased the international market of the company. Most people got to experience their first taste of the beverage for the first time ever this led to business boom after the war for the company. When the war subsided the company capitalized on its new foundation by using advertisements that promoted coca cola as the beverage that can suit any lifestyle and that can bring happiness to one’s life and relieve post war stress. This once again led to a desire for more innovative measures to be established to distribute its product to its consumers and as a result this led to the invention of the ‘coke in cans’. Coke in cans further extended the company’s market share and with the company’s global success progressing substantially, more coca cola manufacturing plants were established in other foreign countries. Globalization also allowed more varied beverage manufacturing companies to penetrate the beverage market. Consumers therefore developed a need for a variety of beverages such as juices, coffees, teas, sports and health drinks etc. This new demand was necessitated by new companies who influenced the desires of the customers by creating further beverage innovations. Coke therefore decided to develop other brands and types of beverages besides its bellwether beverage to reinforce its competitiveness and increase its consumer base in the beverage manufacturing market. The company began producing a carbonated beverage called Sprite, a diet drink called Tab and a coffee entitled Georgia Coffee Original. These new products allowed the enterprise to establish plants in China. The company was the first company ever permitted to sell packaged cold drinks in China bringing the total number of countries that Coca Cola distributes its products to 163. In the 1980’s the CEO of coca cola decided to further strategize the operations of the company in order to improve and extend its operations in a methodology that would increase profitability by organizing the various United States bottling organizations into a public company entitled Coca Cola Enterprises international. The company also introduced another successful beverage on the market, ‘diet coke’ to appease the needs of health conscious consumers. With globalization becoming more persistent throughout years, Coca Cola Company decided to reconstruct the taste of its product coca cola to establish a competitive advantage. Consumers responded to this change negatively and the company had to revert to its original recipe. However its success was not halted as the company continued to collaborate with more international sporting events such as the Fifa World Cup and the Rugby World Cup. The company also started producing other beverages such as Powerade sports drink, Vitamin Water, Fanta and Dasani bottled water. The company also bought the popular juice manufacturing company, Minute Maid and extended its product line. Proceeding into the early 2000’s coke began to experience severe global backlashes. The ingredients utilized in the company’s product recipe became a major concern to consumers, mainly the high fructose corn syrup, as researchers linked lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, dental erosion, strokes, hypertension and osteoporosis to the prolong use of coke’s products. Activists also accused coke’s products of being addictive because of the level of caffeine and other chemicals utilized in the recipe along with the aggressive marketing strategies, researchers even linked the advertisement schedule of the company to the cause for the increase in child obesity. The advertisements for the organizations Vitamin Water product was lso slammed as being misleading as the recipe utilized for the product was not at all healthy. The increase of health conscious behavior was as a result of globalization. Despite coke having substantial experience with the susceptible changing global environment the company failed to establish efforts to appease the demands of t he ‘new’ health conscious era of consumers that ultimately led to this backlash. Consumers were also becoming more environmentally friendly and coke’s damaging environmental impacts such as the polluting of the atmosphere and destruction of agriculture became more prominent to the public eye. The enterprise responded to this new change in consumer behavior by establishing plastic, semi recycled bottles and utilizing transportation that was less destructive to the atmosphere. Coke already had formatted and practiced glass recycling that cut the company’s production costs but this practice only became recognized during this era. It is therefore understood, that with the cultural changes of consumer behaviors that consumers expect corporate establishments to also care about what they proclaim to be morally right. One consumer behavior also initiates a progressive change among society causing the society to adapt and expect the same care to be considered and assisted by corporations whom they purchase from. So businesses must take the concerns of customers into consideration to fully please their consumers. Allegations have also surfaced of questionable, practices constituted by the company. The company was believed to have been involved in a series of assassinations of trade union advocates. It is alleged that paramilitary personnel were hired by Coke to reprimand the advocates which ultimately resulted in their deaths. This allegation seriously affected the image of the company and market share was now on the verge of declining. Coca Cola was also accused of attempting to monopolize the beverage market and therefore incurred a lawsuit that in turn led to restructuring of the company’s competitive efforts that was not as successful as their previous efforts therefore decreasing their competitive advantage and allowing more competitors to capitalize on their market share. Consequently, these events resulted in multiple lawsuits being filed against the enterprise and motivated activists to implement boycotting actions. These activities received major international support and coca cola products were subsequently banned from several universities. The multinational organization responded to the boycotting activities by simply denying any wrongdoing on the company’s part and defending themselves in court. This was realistically a weak approach to such a serious situation that presently continues to negatively affect the company’s image. If boycotting actions prolong, this will negatively affect the company’s market share resulting in demand and profit declines. Ultimately, as the health conscious behaviors continue to develop an additional pressure would be exerted on the company and as discussed before if the company continues to deny the concerns of consumers the company would lose their customers and eventually have to eradicate its operations due to substantial losses. The Coca Cola Company being a beverage manufacturing company is governed and regulated by the Food and Drug Administration. As consumers concerns of the health risks associated with ingredients utilized by coke continues to accelerate, these concerns can influence the FDA to ban such ingredients thus affecting the company’s operations. Additionally, with environmental concerns persisting to exist the eventual, forbiddance of specific types of manufacturing plants such as smelters and glass refining plants in certain international territories can also impact the company. International environmental change will also allow further opportunities and threats to be uncovered by companies. Climate Change is an intensifying actualization that will continue to impact the entire world. It is estimated that the future will bring warmer temperatures, with a warmer climate there would be a greater demand for cold beverages and also for Corporate Social Responsibility efforts to save the wildlife and societies that thrives on colder temperatures. The economic recession may even get worst and new methods would have to be established to allow the company to reduce costs inorder to enhance profitability and provide affordable prices for consumers. The Coca Cola Company being the successful business venture can use its marketing strengths and international operating experience to enhance its operations and eliminate current difficulties. The company possesses strengths such as large financial bases and loyal consumers. The company however must first respond to boycotts by giving an international ambiguous and detailed briefing of the events that inspired the boycotts. The company must also include in their briefing, methods that would be establish to discontinue consumer health and environmental concerns associated with the company’s operations and products. The company must also meet with distraught trade unions and the murdered victims’ families to discuss the existing issues. This would allow the company to be respected and thereby contributing to the recovery of the company’s image. The company must then launch research activities to obtain healthier recipes that would allow the same great taste to please the consumers. To replace the high fructose corn syrup the company can outsource cane sugar from Indonesia at an affordable price that would not increase the cost of the company this would allow the exemption of the fructose syrup and replacing it with a healthier substitute. Other unhealthy ingredients can also be replaced with affordable outsourced substitutes that would provide the same taste. If the company refuses to change the formula, an invention that can reduce the effect of the unhealthy ingredients such as a simple powder to sprinkle in the beverage before consuming that would eliminate or decrease the effects of the caffeine and other health risky ingredients can be manufactured and made available to consumers this will bring additional revenue to the company and appease health conscious customers. The company can also capitalize on this health conscious effect by developing a new and affordable 100% healthy juice made from real fruit and vegetables to appease health conscious consumers. Increased labour outsourcing methods combined with ingredient outsourcing products may also derive a cheaper relative unit labour cost that can accommodate more affordable prices to consumers during the progression of the global recession. Coca Cola must also focus more on environmental friendly policies by installing filters in all smoke exhausts and contributing to agriculture by initiating a tree planting program and also educating the public on how to recycle appropriately. Their products must also be packaged and branded with ecofriendly packaging. Coke must also introduce and develop new methods to distribute its products in case of smelters and glass manufacturing processes being abolished in the future. Coke can invent new technologies such as portable product dispensers that are long lasting and ecofriendly. In the event of severe climate change, the organization can constitute donation funds that can allow its customers to donate to efforts to devise methods such as advertising educational programs that states the steps one can take to take a stand against decrease the process of climate change such as eliminating the use of products containing CFC’s and limiting burning isposal efforts and upgrading to ecofriendly products. These advertisements can also highlighlights the company’s engineered ecofriendly packaged products. The company should also pioneer new products that would provide a cooling comfort to societies experiencing a warmer climate and warmer products that would comfort societies experiencing c older climates.

The Titanic by James Cameron Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Titanic by James Cameron - Essay Example At the same time, the historical importance of the plot forces the viewers to feel that the events are real, not fictional. Within this context, the director made use of flashback technique to unearth the romantic story of the lovers in the film. To be specific, the plot moves from present condition (say, 1996) to past (say, 1912) and to present (1996). In the opening scene, the director portrays the effort of Brock Lovett (say, a treasure hunter) to unearth the secret behind a necklace sunk with RMS Titanic in 1912. Gradually, the director portrays the love affair between Rose and Jack. In the end, Rose drops the necklace into the Ocean and returns. The film ends with a fictional reunion between the lovers. The film’s casting is related to historical and fictional characters. For instance, some of the real travelers in the RMS Titanic are portrayed in the film. This is helpful for the viewers to identify the historical element of the film. On the other side, the protagonist and the heroine are fictional characters. For instance, Jack and Rose, (the protagonist and his lady love) are fictional characters who inculcated the element of romance in the film. One can see that the director’s decision to caste Leonardo DiCaprio as Jack Dawson is one of the elements behind the commercial success of the film. Besides, DiCaprio’s youthful exuberance suits his character in the film. Kate Winslet’s character as Rose DeWitt Bukater is apt because she was able to act according to the high-class status of the character. ... In the opening scene, the director portrays the effort of Brock Lovett (say, a treasure hunter) to unearth the secret behind a necklace sunk with RMS Titanic in 1912. Gradually, the director portrays the love affair between Rose and Jack. In the end, Rose drops the necklace into the Ocean and returns. The film ends with a fictional reunion between the lovers. B. Acting The film’s casting is related to historical and fictional characters. For instance, some of real travelers in the RMS Titanic are portrayed in the film. This is helpful for the viewers to identify the historical element of the film. On the other side, the protagonist and the heroine are fictional characters. For instance, Jack and Rose, (the protagonist and his lady love) are fictional characters who inculcated the element of romance in the film. One can see that the director’s decision to caste Leonardo DiCaprio as Jack Dawson (say, the protagonist) is one of the elements behind the commercial success of the film. Besides, DiCaprio’s youthful exuberance suits his character in the film. On the other side, Kate Winslet’s character as Rose DeWitt Bukater is apt because she was able act according to the high class status of the character. At the same time, the love affair between the protagonist and the heroine is portrayed in a usual manner because the casting was according to the situation in the film (say, tragic love affair between lower class and upper class characters). Caledon Nathan (acted by Billy Zane) is another character (say, the antagonist). His character leads to dramatic sequences in the film but does not prove to be over acting. Brock Lovett (acted by Bill Paxton), another character, is the back bone of the film because he is the narrator of the

Metropolis by Giorgio Moroder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Metropolis by Giorgio Moroder - Essay Example With this on hand, the paper will dwell on the view of the movie as women are the source to evil, and how the role of women changed as the movie unfolds. Metropolis The movie, Metropolis, released in 1927, is based on the novel by Thea von Harbou. The movie is a silent film, which was directed by Fritz Lang, who is a German filmmaker. Metropolis was a futuristic city with airplanes, flyovers, and high rise buildings used and occupied by the higher class. This population lives with all the amenities to used and enjoy, such as sports, libraries, cinemas, and the like. On the contrary, beneath the highly urbanized city are the workers who control the functions of the machines used in Metropolis. The workers strive to survive the daily routine of hard work, darkness, and even death below the lively and well-developed city. The movie evolves on the resistance of the workers towards the master of Metropolis, Joh Fredersen. Along with this, the story escalates to the development of the love story between Freder, the son of Joh Fredersen, and Maria, a daughter of a worker who aims for freedom and equality. Freder, as the son of the master of Metropolis, has the freedom to enjoy all the goodness and luxury in life. However, one day, Maria went to the Eternal Garden and brought the children of the workers there, where Freder was also present. Freder, intrigued of the passion he saw in Maria, followed them to the underground city where he saw the laborers suffer and die. The incident that he witnessed rose his concern for the workers. For this reason, he decided to take the place of a worker and was also invited to take part in the meeting that Maria organized to bring hope to the workers. In the meeting, Maria spoke of hope, and that one day a savior with the hand and the heart will come to unite their cities. At the same time, Joh Fredersen had witnessed the power that Maria had over the workers, which made him fear her. For this reason, he assigned Rotwang, a scientist , to create a robot in the likeness of Maria, and to use the robot to gain the loyalty of the workers. However, the robot Maria became out of control and led the workers to destroy the machines underground, not knowing that the machines were built to save their city from flood. Chaos came to being; however, Maria and Freder were able to save the children of the workers, and Freder became the hand and the heart that united the workers and his father (DiMare 346-348). The Portrayal of Women in Metropolis Metropolis is a science fiction film, which has the female persona represented by the cyborg Maria or the robot Maria and the human Maria. The cyborg Maria is linked with the â€Å"social chaos, and revolution suggests that these are not just economic problems: they are also sexual problems† (Brockmann 87). It is also important to note that the cyborg Maria was not created to do the typical activities a robot is expected to do. She was created and given the likeness of the huma n Maria, who poses a threat as reality, and technology unites in her (Ascott 311). Furthermore, the female cyborg, in this case Maria, is a character in the film that is mostly defined as a problematic individual torn between her ability to reproduce and her robotic ability. Most of the time, the character of the female cyborg portrays two roles, which is a hero or a villain. In this case, the cyborg Maria is described by Claudia Springer as an

Assess the usefulness of functionalist theories in understanding religion today Essay Example for Free

Assess the usefulness of functionalist theories in understanding religion today Essay Assess the usefulness of functionalist theories in understanding religion today (33 marks) There are a variety of different definitions of religion including substantive definitions, which refers to focusing on the content or substance of a religious belief such as God, functional definitions, which refers to religion in terms of the social or psychological functions it carries out for the individual and there are also social constructionist definitions which focus on how members of society actually define religion. Functionalists hold a consensus view and argue that society requires both social order and solidarity in order for it to run smoothly, and religion is one way of providing this as it encourages shared norms and values. As previously mentioned, functionalists argue that social order and solidarity to run smoothly – Durkheim argued that there are four main ways in which religion maintains value consensus. One way is through the sacred and profane, he argued that sacred referred to things that are separate from society and create feelings of awe, wonder and fear whereas profane referred to things that were inferior with no real significance. Durkheim therefore argued that the only thing powerful enough to inspire people in the way religion does is society itself therefore meaning people are not worshipping their religion or god, but in fact society – this means that people unite under the same belief, spreading shared norms and values all over and therefore creating consensus within society. Another way in which religion helps to maintain value consensus is through Totemism – Durkheim argued that heart of all religions could be identified by examining its simplest form in the simplest type of society which he called a clan society. He carried out a study in Australia with a tribe with a clan system. (Arunta) This tribe consisted of a close knit community who carried out rituals together with involved the worshipping of a sacred totem, such as a plant of leaf that identifies the clan therefore creating a sense of social order and solidarity. Totemism is similar to the sacred and profane as it causes individuals to unknowingly worship society instead of a God or supernatural being, therefore again spreading shared norms and values. However, there are criticisms to this view; Worsley argues that there is no difference between the sacred and profane and his view of totemism would only apply to small scale communities with a single religion, but not larger scale communities with multiple religions as there are commonly conflicts between them, meaning there is no longer social order and solidarity. Malinowski argues that religion promotes social order and solidarity through it psychological functions, which helps individuals who are going through hardship therefore preventing them from going against society’s shared norms and values. Malinowski suggested two different types of situation in which religion helps to perform this role. One way is when the outcome is important but is uncontrollable – he compared the differences between two different ways of fishing when carrying out a study in the Western Pacific, he argued that lagoon fishing is predictable, safe and has a more successful method of catching fish meaning there is no ritual. However, when the islanders were ocean fishing, he identified it as more dangerous and uncertain which required the islanders to carry out rituals in order to ensure their safety whilst fishing. Malinowski argued that the ritual gave the islanders a sense of control and more confidence, again highlighting solidarity. The other situation was at times of life crises, this meant events that cause significant change such as birthdays, weddings, and death religion is useful as it helps bring little disruption. Similarly, Parsons argues that religion helps individuals to handle unforeseen events and uncontrollable outcomes. He identified two ways in which religion does this – one way is by creating and legitimising society’s central values but making them sacred. For example, in the USA, Protestantism helped make the American core values of meritocracy, individualism and self-disciple sacred. This therefore helps to promote social order and solidarity as the vast majority of Americans would have the same norms and values, creating little conflict and greater social cohesion. The other way is by answering people’s ultimate questions, such as who created the earth, and why do some people die young. It gives individuals a sense of security and makes people less likely to rebel against society. However, not all sociologists agree with the functionalists and their view of religion and its role. Feminists argue that the role of religion is to oppress women and help maintain patriarchy within society. One way in which religion maintains patriarchy is through religious organisations – these are significantly male dominated, for example, Orthodox Judaism and Catholicism do not allow women to become priests. Armstrong argues that this is evidence for the marginalisation of women in religion and society. Places of worship often separate the sexes, placing men on more holy ground with women sitting behind a screen. Women are also not allowed to preach or read from sacred texts. Additionally, menstruating women are not allowed to touch the Qur’an, this therefore reinforces patriarchy as women are forbidden from doing important rituals within their holy ground and are also discriminated against. Sacred texts are often focused on the actions of male gods and prophets and are commonly written by men. Women who are featured in sacred texts are commonly portrayed through stereotypes such as Eve, who caused the fall of humanity and expulsion from the Garden of Eden. Lastly, religious laws and customs ensure that women are given fewer rights than men, such as access to divorce, how many spouses they can have, decision making etc. In conclusion, there are a variety of different theories as to the usefulness of lack of in regards to religion.

Core Identity :: essays research papers

Historically, societies have had a great deal of influence over the individuals making up their respective civilization. Every society, regardless of how autonomous their society allows their populous to be, directly and indirectly extends a level of control. Self-governing persons often think of themselves as immune to society’s invisible sway; and to varying degrees they are however, their core identity is ultimately shaped and molded by interacting with other members of humanity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When I hear a proverb such as â€Å"pull yourself up by the bootstraps† or â€Å"I’m the captain of my ship† it stirs feelings of sovereignty and freedom and the ability to whatever I want, whenever I want. In some cases these statements are true, if for example one wanted to go the movies, that person could simply get in their car and go to the movies. Perfect example of being â€Å"the captain of your own ship† Seems to be a sound statement, but what if the person didn’t have money to see the movie, or couldn’t walk to the movies because they didn’t have legs due to an injury during the Gulf War. Now it appears that his â€Å"ship has been commandeered†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The above case in point is an example of how society will have a â€Å"hand on the rudder of everyone’s ship† Even if that individual decided he was going to the movies, circumstances beyond his control have dictated what he can and cannot do in certain situations. Because of the war this individual had no legs, because he had no legs he didn’t have a job, because he had no job, he had no money consequently; he wasn’t going to the movies. Proverbs like â€Å"being the captain of your own ship† are merely motivational anecdotes that help alleviate the sometimes harsh certainty that is one’s potential. Everything an individual does is governed in some fashion by the constraints put upon him or her by society and their relevant place in society.

Marketing 4p assigment Essay

INTRODUCTION 1. 0 BACKGROUND OF THE ORGANIZATIONS: Backed by more than 20 years of experience in Japan, Sushi Zanmai possesses extensive expertise for raw materials selection. Base on the nature of Business is classified as Food & Beverage industry. The purpose of their business is serves the best food and services to each customers. Genuine ingredients coupled with original recipes and original taste, they provide more than 100 assortments of sushi and 100 varieties of cooked food that are authentically Japanese. They now have 10 outlets in Malaysia which is at Sunway Pramid, One Utama, Garden Mall, Low Yat Plaza, Paradigm Mall, Fahrenheit 88 and 1 Month Kiara. They have their own wedsite for customers more easily to find out the most nearby location and know what is new on that month. The main selling product is sushi other that they also have sell noodles, rice set, desserts, and beverages. That sushi of colour plate starts from RM1. 80. 2. 0 THE PRODUCT OF SUSHI ZANMAI Sushi Zanmai is originated from Japan. They are offering the combination of tangible goods and services in their business. They provide traditional Japanese foods and services on their business. They business are on direct sell foods to customers. They have serves appetiser which the Japanese meal begins with a visual feast of chilled and warm appetisers, like: Salmon roe Japanese omelette Potato Mayonnaise Sushi Zanmai created own specialties featuring the freshest, handpicked ingredients provide a fresh, contemporary spin on much-loved favourites, exquisitely tailored to suit local taste preferences such as, Sanshoku Hana Salmon Caterpillar Roll Wasabillar Roll The traditional entree consists of expertly-sliced raw fish, shellfish or mollusks, complemented perfectly by the combination of wasabi and soy sauce, and often accompanied by pickled ginger, example Salmon sashimi Toro sashimi Maguro sashimi According to survey, most of the female prefer sushi salad that the reason Sushi Zanmai products include various types of Salad to let customers choose too. As you can see the three popular salad dishes are Sashimi Salad Salmon Salad Kaiso to Tofu Salad Rolled sushi in Japanese language is pronounces maki. It usually comprises of seafood which may or may not be raw, vinegared rice and paper-thin seaweed. For example, Salmon Maki Soft Shell Crab Maki Natto Maki Follow that, they do have Temaki. The â€Å"te† in Temaki means hand is Japanese language. The Temaki sushi is two- fold. It not only refers to a hand roll that is made entirely with the hand, without the traditional bamboo mat. The cone-shaped Temaki sushi is ofeten prepared as an appetizer. Soft Shell crab Temaki Ikura Temaki Unagi Temaki Other than that, noodles are also usually customers will order it. They have provide three types of noodles one is soba which is made from wheat flour, Udon made from wheat flour, Ramen made from Chinese wheat flour and served with a wide range of soup stocks such as soy-sauce base and salt base. Sansai Udon Niku Ramen Kakaiage soba Donburi a dishes consist of a deep bowl of rice topped off with chicken, beef or seafood cooked in a variety of styles and sauces. They have, Curry Rice Unadon Ebidon In beverages, they served many types of drinks like Green Tea, Calpis Smoothies, fine Japanese Sake, Soft Drinks, Japanese Plum Wine and others. Green Tea (unlimited refill) Ichigo Smoothies Choya Extreme A dessert to end the meals. It have multiple choice as well as, Macha & Macha Parfait Itachoco Monaka Stawberry Parfait For the level of the product and services, Sushi Zanmai is selling the product which is categories in actual product. They have their own brand name, design, packaging that deliver the core benefit to customers. They are selling high quality level product that most of the ingredients are import from Japan such as Salmon, tuna, sea bream, Eel and etc. Besides, Sushi Zanmai are selling the shopping product goods which is one of the important consumer goods in market. There have few reason because of Sushi Zanmai’s product is belong to shopping product. Sushi Zanmai of products is consumers purchase and consume on a less frequent schedule compared to convenience products. Normally, they opened their business inside the shopping mall and which is high class and crowded shopping mall. They will do more selective when choosing distribution outlets to sell their products. However, customers are willing to spend more time locating their products since they are relatively more expensive than convenience products and because these may process additional psychological benefits for the purchaser, such as raising customers status level within their social group. 3. 0 THE PRICING STRATEGY THAT USED BY SUSHI ZANMAI Sushi Zanmai has successfully follows the price skimming strategy when setting the price of its products. The price skimming strategy allows Sushi Zanmai to charge a price that is above the competition, but also promote frequent sales to lower the price below them. Different groups of customers are willing to pay different prices for the same product. Sushi Zanmai can sell â€Å"The Extreme† to the customers who will pay the higher price to be the first to buy and also to the bargain hunters. Finally, this strategy will emphasize the product and service quality. Sushi Zanmai sets a high initial price for its products to send a signal to customers that its products are quality and the service is excellent. Next, Sushi Zanmai also using price line and price bundle as the pricing strategies. Product Line Pricing They have selling same product of food but different categories. Every guest has different taste and love different type of cruise that the reason Sushi Zanmai has to classify as well. Certainly, different materiel of food sure is different price charging. For example: Sushi Name Ingredients Price Inari Sakura Shiitake & fish floss RM3. 80 Kaki Fry Roll Friend oyster sushi roll topped with mayonnaise RM9. 80 Dragon Roll Fried prawn sushi roll topped with avocado RM12. 80 Rice Name Ingredients Price Ebidon Deep fried prawn with egg on rice RM8. 80 Chiken Katsu Curry Chicken cutlet and rice with curry sauce RM10. 80 Unadon Roasted eel on rice RM15. 80 Noodles Name Ingredients Price Tsukimi Udon or ramen noddles with egg RM6. 80 Sansai Udon or soba noodle with vegetables RM8. 80 Curry Udon or ramen noodle with chicken curry RM10. 80 Product Bundle Pricing Sushi Zanmai has offering set promotion to attract more guests to purchase their products. Set promotion is type of bundle strategy. It can let guests feel the price is lower or cheaper but just have in certain and limited lime for it, like: Chicken Keraage Don and ice lemon tea for only RM7. 90 As manager will be considered in a few points when setting the bundle pricing strategy: Customer demands, sort out which is the product of the guests prefer or like it. Customers always pursue cheaper price, Target profit; make sure will reach the target. 4. 0 PLACE OF SUSHI ZANMAI Location is very important to those in Food and Beverage industry, as the product they sell is shopping product, the customers should not be able to take far complications to reach their shop. Normally, Sushi Zanmai chooses to open their new outlet inside the shopping mall that those people visit regularly. Below as those outlets of Sushi Zanmai in Malaysia : †¢SUSHI ZANMAI, SUNWAY PIRAMID †¢SUSHI ZANMAI, LOW YAT PLAZA †¢SUSHI ZANMAI, 1 UTAMA †¢SUSHI ZANMAI, THE GARDENS MALL †¢SUSHI ZANMAI, FAHRENHEIT 88 †¢SUSHI ZANMAI, 1 M ONT’KIARA †¢SUSHI ZANMAI, PARADIGM MALL One of the outlets of Sushi Zanmai in K. L Distribution Sushi Zanmai’s distribution channel is a direct channel as they are selling their product directly to the customers. Their distribution channel is considered as a direct channel, and it is the best suitable method to do for selling sushi, udon and beverage to the customers. As Sushi Zanmai are being in food and beverage industry, the best way to serve their customers is by serving them nicely and directly. The shopkeepers who are preparing meal in front of the customers 5. 0 PROMOTION OF SUSHI ZANMAI Sushi Zanmai are using promotion methods which are Advertising and Sales Promotion. For advertising promotion purpose, they have created a web page over the internet that those people could get the information which about them with visiting their web page. Other than that, for the reasons of nowadays most of the people are having an account on facebook, so that they have created a facebook web page to be distributed among the facebook page. The facebook users or customers might do a feedback or recommendations that about them through their facebook page. Web page of Sushi Zanmai Sales promotional sets will be made to promote their products to let the customers try and enjoy their product and to create strong customer relationships by promoting personally and friendly service. Their popular promotional methods are: Have 50 % discounts for only these 4 types of items. The duration of this promotion is just for one week. Sushi Zanmai have did the promotion that shown as above. The customers will get a Chicken Karaage Don for only RM 6. 80 after finish the steps that set by them. Free RM 20 Sushi Zanmai voucher for those customers whom spend RM100 or above in any of their outlets. The duration for this voucher is just for one month. 6. 0 Improvements in 4p’strategies of Sushi Zanmai Product Sushi Zanmai should activate the strategy of product development and come up with new products from time to time as it is important to maintain the preference of the customers with the new developed products. For example, the organization can come up with new type of rice and new sushi flavour or developing new menu items in single orders such as Udon and etc. Place Shopping mall actually is a not bad idea for open a restaurant but also need to careful about the visibility. A restaurant that is located on a crowded place has high visibility. Conversely, a restaurant nestled on a not crowded place will always battle a disadvantage simply based on its location. Pricing Sushi Zanmai should be try not setting too higher price to attract more other guests purchase your product and also can earn more profit. Promotion Sushi Zanmai can also be improved by creating more value sets that prompts the customers to try out the new products made for specific period as a special promotion during particular season such as Valentine’ Day and Merry Christmas or holiday season value sets for example Advertising on TV Sushi Zanmai shoud has advertising on TV. Television is the most powerful advertising medium available. The largest corporations around the world use it to build their brands, bring customers, add credibility, and grow their businesses. Delivery Services Add delivery services. It can help a company gaining popularity and becoming more available. 7. 0 Conclusion In conclusion, i would like conclude by listing the 4p’strategies that regarding of is price, place, promotion and product. They are offering the combination of tangible goods and services in their business. In setting pricing the Sushi Zanmai is using price skimming for their products. For the place and distribution, The Sushi Zanmai is use direct as their channel. Moreover, the Therefore, Sushi Zanmai should improve its product quality and take considered action in order to improve the sales as expected.

Essay on Effect of Alcohol on the Human Brain - 1953 Words

Effect of Alcohol on the Human Brain http://www.alcoholism.tqn.com/library/weekly/aa022697.htm?pid=2750cob=home. Whether a crime was committed intentionally or unintentionally has great bearing on the decision of a jury in finding a person guilty of a crime and/or on the judges choice of punishment. You might have heard of husbands apologizing to their wives the day after theyve beaten them. Their apology might sound something like, Im so sorry. I did not mean to hurt you, I swear! Does alcohol have the capability to make a person forget? Can a person be unaware of his surroundings and yet still be able to interact with it? More importantly, can alcohol change a persons personality enough that it would cause him to do things†¦show more content†¦On the other hand, how can we be sure that alcohol was not consumed to have an excuse for a premeditated crime? Ethyl alcohol, which is the type of alcohol found in alcoholic drinks, enters the bloodstream through the walls of the gastrointestinal tract, mostly from the walls of the stomach and of the small intestines. Once ethyl alcohol enters the bloodstream, it passes through the brain and bathes the brain cells. This is how alcohol kill brain cells and damages the brain. (5) Different levels of alcohol in the blood have different effects on the behavior of a person; however, these effects are not predictable. At low levels, the inhibitory centers are usually suppressed and there is a false sense of increased confidence and a feeling of well being. The depressing effects of alcohol on the brain may relax a person but equally likely, may make a person irritable, mistrusting, and very sensitive. (3) (4) (5) (6) While feeling relaxed is generally good for a person, it carries negative effects when a person gets in trouble from being overly relaxed. 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